拡大画像は、より広い範囲を1/2または2/3の大きさにしたもので(星はそのサイズで描画)、局所的なコントラストを少し上げています。フル解像度の切り抜きは、上のフル解像度版からどうぞ。Close-ups show larger areas at 1/2 or 2/3 size (stars drawn at that size), with local contrast raised slightly. For full-resolution crops, use the full-resolution file above.
The Horsehead Nebula (Barnard 33) is a dark cloud near Alnitak, the eastern star of Orion's Belt, about 1,400 light-years away. Its cold dust and gas stand out as the silhouette of a horse's head against IC 434, a glowing cloud of hydrogen lit by the hot nearby star Sigma Orionis. To the left, the Flame Nebula (NGC 2024) glows gold beside Alnitak. The blue clouds below the Horsehead, NGC 2023 and IC 435, are reflection nebulae: dust reflecting the light of nearby stars. The field is 3.5 × 2.4 degrees, about seven full Moons wide, with north to the left. This is a reprocess of one of my first astrophotography experiments.
How it was made
Taken remotely on 18 and 22 January 2026 (UT) with a Takahashi FSQ-106ED refractor in Namibia (530 mm focal length, Moravian C3-61000 PRO camera), on observing time rented from SkyGems
Hydrogen-alpha 25 × 3 min; red, green and blue 10, 10 and 15 × 1 min (1 h 50 min in all); 10-second frames (29 hydrogen-alpha, 30 red) for the cores of bright stars
Aligned and stacked with my own Python tools, without darks or flats: hot and cold pixels, vignetting, sky gradients and banding measured from the frames themselves
Colour calibrated on 1,656 stars of ESA's Gaia DR3 catalogue (sun-like stars are white)
The hydrogen-alpha line separated from its continuum, added to red, green and blue in the proportions measured on the nebula, and boosted 1.5×. In IC 434 its red is deepened (the natural colour is a pinkish red); the Flame and the reflection nebulae keep their own colour
The red, green and blue frames of 18 January were out of focus, so they give only the smooth colour; the fine detail comes from the hydrogen-alpha
Stars processed separately from the nebula: their shapes come from the hydrogen-alpha and 10-second red frames, sharpened by deconvolution to about 3/4 of their measured width, and each star's colour is its own red, green and blue light. The nebula: noise reduction, then deconvolution where the signal is strong
Final colour: the darkest parts lifted to a dark warm brown instead of black, the hydrogen glow deep red, the Flame amber, the reflection nebulae blue, with restrained saturation
Stars drawn separately for each picture size (full, web, 5K, close-ups)
Notes
These are not exactly the colours the eye would see: the hydrogen glow is boosted and the red of IC 434 deepened.
Leftover glows and rings around stars, and the glare of Alnilam, the middle star of Orion's Belt, just outside the frame, were measured and subtracted.
The web, 5K and close-up versions are made from the same processing at their own sizes, with the stars drawn at that size; the close-ups have slightly more local contrast.
Apart from this, nothing was added, removed, cloned or generated with AI. For illustration, not photometry.
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